(1) A deviation made to save or attempt to save life (e. g. responding to a DSC distress alert or “Mayday”);
(2) a deviation made to avoid imminent danger (e. g. a TRS); (3) a deviation due to the default of the charterer (e. g. where the discharge port nominated by the charterer is found to be unsafe); (4) an involuntary deviation due to force majeure beyond the shipowner’s or master’s control (e. g. on a warship’s orders); and (5) a deviation made to save property (e. g. for salvage purposes).
