The Rotterdam Rules are embodied in the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Carriage of Goods Wholly or Partly by Sea, which was adopted by the UN General Assembly in December 2008.
The Rotterdam Rules are intended to replace the Hague Rules, Hague-Visby Rules and Hamburg Rules. The Convention was opened for signature in September 2009 and will enter into force one year after 20 States have ratified it.
